During the Twelfth Dynasty, a new capital city was built called Itj Tawy.The Middle Kingdom is sometimes referred to as Egypt's "classical age" or "The Period of Reunification.".He is sometimes called a "warrior-king" because he personally led his troops into battle. The Pharaoh Senusret III was one of the most powerful leaders of the Middle Kingdom.The pharaohs of the Middle Kingdom often appointed their sons as coregents, which was kind of like a vice-pharaoh.Interesting Facts About the Middle Kingdom of Egypt The Hyksos ruled northern Egypt from the capital city of Avaris until around 1550 BC. The Second Intermediate Period is most famous for the rule of foreign invaders called the Hyksos. As the country fell into disarray, the Middle Kingdom collapsed and the Second Intermediate Period began.
Eventually, a group of kings in northern Egypt, called the Fourteenth Dynasty, split from southern Egypt. It was during the Thirteenth Dynasty that the pharaoh's control of Egypt began to weaken. For the first time in Ancient Egyptian history, writing was used for entertainment including writing stories and recording religious philosophy. Writing and literature developed as well. It showed a man squatting with his arms folded on top of his knees. The block statue was sculpted from a single piece of rock. It would continue to be a mainstay of Egyptian art for 2,000 years. A type of sculpture called the "block statue" became popular. The arts of Ancient Egypt continued to develop during this time. He rebuilt the central government and expanded the borders of Egypt. During that time, he reestablished the pharaoh as the god-king of Egypt. Later, many pharaohs of the New Kingdom would also be buried nearby at the Valley of the Kings. Mentuhotep II built his tomb and mortuary complex near the city of Thebes. From that point forward, the city of Thebes would remain a major religious and political center throughout much of Ancient Egyptian history. Under the rule of Mentuhotep II, Thebes became the capital of Egypt. This began the period of the Middle Kingdom. He launched an attack on the north and eventually reunited Egypt under one rule. Around 2000 BC, a powerful leader named Mentuhotep II became king of southern Egypt. The Tenth Dynasty ruled northern Egypt, while the Eleventh Dynasty ruled the south. During the First Intermediate Period, Egypt was divided and in political chaos.
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